Nonprofit Quick Tips: State Filings in Alabama and Arkansas
Nonprofit Quick Tip: State Filings in Wisconsin and Minnesota
On July 21, 2025, the California Supreme Court issued a significant decision clarifying that a forum selection clause in a company’s certificate of incorporation is not unenforceable simply because the selected forum (here,...more
On August 1, 2025, legislation went into effect amending the Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL) of the state of Delaware as contained in Senate Bill No. 95. The following is a brief summary of some of the more...more
Nevada advanced its quest to challenge Delaware as the go-to state for incorporation on May 30, 2025, when Gov. Joe Lombardo signed significant amendments to the Nevada Revised Statutes that govern corporations there....more
In 2020, GlobalTech Corporation, a Nevada corporation, filed an amendment to its articles of incorporation increasing its authorized number of shares of common stock from 10 million to 500 million. The amendment was...more
I always enjoy hearing from readers of this blog. Recently, I wrote: Reading these statutes together, it is relatively clear that Nevada, like Delaware, permits the articles of incorporation to vary the mandate that...more
California Corporations Code Section 307(a)(7) provides that a "majority of the authorized number of directors constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business". Thus, if the authorized number of directors is 7 and there...more
Yesterday I wrote about my concern that about the constitutionality of SB 1168 (Limón). This bill would allow the California Secretary of State to cancel the articles of incorporation or the filing of a statement and...more
I suspect that many practitioners would assume that the law of the state of incorporation would determine the viability of an exculpation clause in a corporation's articles of incorporation. Thus, I was surprised to read...more
The Supreme Court of Delaware recently issued a decision upholding long-standing precedent regarding Delaware’s class vote requirement. The case, In re Fox Corporation/Snap Inc. Section 242 Litigation, concerned amendments to...more
Recently, Professor Ann Lipton wrote that the California Supreme Court has granted review of EpicentRx, In.c v. Superior Court, 95 Cal. App. 5th 890 (2023), review granted 539 P.3d 118 (2023). This was a case that I...more
The Business Law Section of the North Carolina Bar Association was active this past year in proposing certain changes to the North Carolina Business Corporation Act. Below is a summary of the amendments that were adopted this...more
California Corporations Code Section 204(a)(4) permits the articles of incorporation to include a provision limiting the duration of a corporation's existence to a specified date. I very seldom encounter such as provision in...more
Earlier this month the Electrical Workers Pension Fund, Local 103, I.B.E.W. filed a verified class action complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery against Fox Corporation. (Case No. 2022-1007-MTZ (filed Nov. 4, 2022)). ...more
An individual formed a nonprofit public benefit corporation, Xi'an Jiaotung University Alumni Association of Norther California by filing articles of incorporation with the California Secretary of State. Thereafter, he filed...more
In Stream T.V. Networks, Inc. v. SeeCubic, Inc., the Delaware Supreme Court (“Court”) held that section 271 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“D.G.C.L”), which requires stockholder approval for a Delaware corporation...more
Cyprus is an EU member state and a common law jurisdiction with a legal system similar to that of the UK. It is located at the eastern end of Europe linking 3 continents, Europe, Africa and Asia and it has a long and strong...more
As discussed in this post, the California General Corporation Law defines and uses the term "common shares" rather than "common stock". Common shares are shares that have no preference over other shares with respect to...more
California Corporations Code Section 902 generally requires that amendments to the articles of incorporation must be approved by the outstanding shares and the Board of Directors. The statute lists three instances when the...more
1. Types of Business Entities - • Description of the types of entities available in each jurisdiction through which to conduct business - Business may be conducted in France either through a French branch of a foreign...more
Section 305(a) of the California Corporations Code empowers a board of directors to fill vacancies with two important exceptions. First, the articles of incorporation or bylaws may provide otherwise. Second, the board may...more
Amendments to the Washington Business Corporation Act (WBCA) that allow Washington corporations to hold “virtual” shareholder meetings became effective in June 2018. Prior to these amendments, Washington corporations could...more
I came across a recent preliminary proxy filing that described the vote required for approval of a new equity compensation plan as "the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares of common stock present and voting on the...more
Section 204(b) permits the articles of incorporation to include reasonable restrictions upon the right to transfer or hypothecate shares of any class or classes or series. This is the only time the word "hypothecate" appears...more