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Canada Class Action

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Ontario Superior Court Rejects Pre-Certification Discovery in Children’s Homes Class Action

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In Morrison v. Hatts Off Inc. et al., 2025 ONSC 4320, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice declined to order pre-certification discovery of sensitive Children’s Aid Society records in a proposed class action alleging...more

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BC Court Rules Class Action Plaintiffs Cannot Delay Pre-Certification Applications if the Plaintiff Has Not Applied for...

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When faced with defendants' applications brought before the plaintiff's application to certify a class proceeding, BC courts have often held that there is a presumption that certification will proceed first. In that context,...more

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No Common Employer Means No Class Action—Ontario Court of Appeal

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The Ontario Court of Appeal has concluded that a client's influence over a service provider's processes does not establish an employment relationship between the client and the service provider's employees. The plaintiffs in...more

Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP

Class Action Grounded: Court Finds Insufficient Factual Basis for Airline Capacity Constraint Suit

The Ontario Superior Court recently refused to certify a class action against four international airlines. The plaintiff alleged that the airlines conspired to constrain capacity for transborder travel between the United...more

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BC Court Finds No Identifiable Class in Mall-Directory Camera Privacy Class Action

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In Cleaver v The Cadillac Fairview Corporation Limited, 2025 BCSC 910, the BC Supreme Court refused to certify a class proceeding alleging privacy breaches of biometric data, concluding that the plaintiffs had failed to...more

Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP

Cinq tendances récentes en matière de règlement des actions collectives au Québec

Les actions collectives constituent un mécanisme juridique essentiel au Québec, et les tendances récentes montrent une évolution marquée des modalités de règlement. Voici cinq principaux développements récents en matière de...more

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What Class Action Settlement Costs Will A Defendant’s Insurer Cover? The Ontario Superior Court of Justice Provides Some Answers

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In Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance v Honda Canada, 2025 ONSC 2856, the Ontario Superior Court upheld an arbitral panel's conclusion that an umbrella insurance policy covered settled class counsel fees, but not...more

Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP

La Cour d’appel de la Colombie-Britannique confirme l’octroi de dommages-intérêts pour atteinte à la vie privée sans preuve de...

Le 23 avril 2025, dans l’affaire Insurance Corporation of British Columbia v. Ari (décision disponible uniquement en anglais), la Cour d’appel de la Colombie-Britannique (la « CACB ») a confirmé une décision de première...more

Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP

La Cour d’appel de l’Ontario confirme l’autorisation d’une action collective contre une plateforme d’échange de cryptomonnaies

Dans sa décision rendue récemment dans l’affaire Lochan v. Binance Holdings Limited (en anglais) (l’« affaire Binance »), la Cour d’appel de l’Ontario (la « CAO ») a confirmé l’autorisation d’une action collective intentée au...more

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Class Actions: Looking Forward 2025

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We begin with developments of national significance. First, we discuss the amendments to the Competition Act which, effective June 2025, could open the door to a novel quasi-class action scheme entitling private plaintiffs to...more

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British Columbia Grapples With Evidentiary Issues and the Requirement for a Workable Methodology

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The evidentiary burden on plaintiffs to have a case certified­—i.e., the “some basis in fact” standard—has been described as a “low bar” in countless cases. Plaintiffs cite the “low bar” in trying to certify their cases, and...more

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Screening By the Authorizing Judge: Québec Court of Appeal Upholds the Principle of Partial Dismissal in Salko c. Financière...

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On January 30, 2025, the Québec Court of Appeal rendered a judgment in Salko c. Financière Banque Nationale inc., 2025 QCCA 74 (Salko) providing clarity on the application of the Quebec Consumer Protection Act (QCPA) and on...more

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Court of Appeal Cuts Off Speculative Product Liability Claims

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In 2024, Ontario’s highest court affirmed the principle that a certifiable tort claim requires a plaintiff to provide some basis in fact for a present, materialized injury that is “sufficiently serious.” A legally compensable...more

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Legal Uncertainty for Database Defendants? Appeal Courts Assess Privacy Causes of Action With Varying Outcomes

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The past year has introduced some uncertainty for institutional defendants facing privacy breach class actions in Canada. While Ontario’s Court of Appeal has been consistent in its approach to class actions against “database...more

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Raising the “Low Bar”: Plaintiffs Seek New Strategies to Prove Common Issues for Certification

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A plaintiff’s obligation to establish “some basis in fact” for a common issue is acknowledged as a low bar. Several Canadian appellate courts have, however, confirmed a “two-step test” as the standard analytical framework....more

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Supreme Court Approves Constitutionality of Multi-Crown Class Action

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The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) has endorsed the constitutionality of British Columbia (BC) legislation empowering the province to seek recovery of opioid epidemic healthcare costs in a proposed class action brought on...more

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Competition Act Amendments Open Door to Quasi Class Actions

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Since 2022, the Government of Canada has substantially amended the Competition Act each year for three successive years. Among the many changes are a collection of related amendments which aim to expand access to the...more

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A Product Cannot Damage Itself: Ontario Court of Appeal Sets Aside Certification of Motor Vehicle Engine Class Action

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Damage to a product resulting from a defect within the product constitutes presumptively unrecoverable pure economic loss. That is the conclusion of the Ontario Court of Appeal in North v. Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 2025...more

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British Columbia Bill 4 Targeting Class Action Waivers and Arbitration Clauses Receives Royal Assent

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On February 25, 2025, British Columbia introduced Bill 4, proposing significant amendments to the Business Practices and Consumer Protection Act (BPCPA)...more

Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP

Crypto Class Action Certified by Ontario Court of Appeal

In its recent decision in Lochan v. Binance Holdings Limited, the Ontario Court of Appeal upheld the certification of a class action brought on behalf of Canadian investors who purchased cryptocurrency products (Decision). It...more

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British Columbia Bill 4 Targets Class Action Waivers and Arbitration Clauses

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On February 25, 2025, British Columbia introduced Bill 4, proposing significant amendments to the Business Practices and Consumer Protection Act (BPCPA). Bill 4 passed second reading on March 3, 2025. If enacted as proposed,...more

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BC Court of Appeal Confirms “No hire” Clause Not Intended to Injure Employees

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In Latifi v The TDL Group Corp., 2025 BCCA 45, (Latifi) the BC Court of Appeal upheld the summary dismissal of a proposed class action against the Tim Hortons franchisor in Canada. The underlying dispute between the...more

Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP

Colombie-Britannique : Réforme de la protection des consommateurs visant à limiter certaines modalités contractuelles

Le 25 février 2025, le gouvernement de la Colombie-Britannique (le « gouvernement ») a présenté le projet de loi 4, intitulé Business Practices and Consumer Protection Amendment Act, 2025 (le « projet de loi »), dont...more

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Similarity Between Cross-Jurisdictional Class Actions Is Not Enough to Justify Staying One Action Pre-Certification

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In InvestorCOM Inc. v. L’Anton, 2025 BCCA 40, the BC Court of Appeal upheld the chambers judge’s decision not to strike the plaintiff’s claim because of a parallel action in Ontario that also sought certification as a...more

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It All Comes Out in the Wash: Regulatory Action on AI Washing Ramps Up

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Securities-related regulatory action regarding “AI washing” has been increasing in the United States, serving as a warning of potential future developments in Canada. AI washing, as defined by the Canadian Securities...more

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