News & Analysis as of

Credit Facilities Investment Funds

Mayer Brown

Crafting Credit Facilities For Defined Contribution Plans

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INTRODUCTION - Over the past 50 years, the retirement landscape has steadily shifted from defined benefit (DB) pension plans to defined contribution (DC) plans. In fact, as of the fourth quarter of 2024, private sector DC...more

Mayer Brown

Subscription Finance: Cascading Pledges

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Cascading pledges are frequently used in subscription finance to avoid legal impediments, avoid tax implications and mitigate prohibited transaction risk under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Back in Rotation, June 2025 - Return of Portable Alpha Strategies

In the past few years we have seen a resurgence of the use of portable alpha strategies tied to hedge fund investments (and the financing arrangements that accompany them), a trend that this old-timer last encountered more...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Family (Office) Affairs May 2025 - Family Office NAV Facilities

As Net Asset Value (“NAV”) credit facilities continue to grow in popularity, we have seen a steady increase in non-traditional borrowers utilizing NAV loans, including family office borrowers. The term “family office” is used...more

Mayer Brown

Subscription Credit Facilities: Understanding the Collateral

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Subscription credit facilities, commonly referred to as “sub-lines” or “capital call facilities,” are a cornerstone of private equity finance. These facilities are secured by a bespoke collateral package that protects lenders...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

The Comfort Letter Comeback, March 2025 - Comfort Letters

In the evolving fund finance market, lenders are constantly assessing ways to mitigate risk and enhance credit support in order to provide for the smooth operation of subscription-based credit facilities. One such credit...more

Mayer Brown

Subscription Credit Facilities: The Importance of an Investor’s Agreement to Fund Without “Setoff, Counterclaim or Defense”

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Subscription credit facilities rely on the obligations of investors to a private investment fund (“Fund”) to contribute their capital commitments to the Fund when called. From a subscription credit...more

Conyers

Capital Call Securitisations: Fund Finance’s New Frontier…? An Offshore Perspective

Conyers on

The recent closing by Goldman Sachs of its highly innovative and market leading US$475 million “capital call” securitisation of subscription credit lines has generated a lot of interest in both fund finance and structured...more

Mayer Brown

The Intersection of NAV and Margin Loans: Single Asset and Concentrated Asset Pools

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Executive Summary - Over the last several years, a need has arisen in the fund finance market, which caters to private equity, venture capital, family offices, and other investment funds (“Funds”) and their sponsors, for...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Behind the Scenes August 2024 - Conditions Precedent: Borrower Deliverables

The credit agreement for a subscription credit facility will list several conditions precedent that are required prior to the credit agreement becoming effective and/or the first extension of credit occurring thereunder....more

Mayer Brown

NAV Credit Facilities: The Spectrum of Collateral Structures

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Executive Summary - Net Asset Value (“NAV”) credit facilities are a tool that borrowers may use to access financing based on the value of their underlying investment portfolio. The users of these facilities are generally...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Subscription Agreements 101 – Back to Basics July 2024 - Subscription Agreements

We have said it before – the “credit cornerstone” of a subscription credit facility is the limited partnership agreement (the “LPA”) – it is the primary contract, together with any side letters, governing the relationship...more

Mayer Brown

Covered Transactions and Considerations in Fund Finance

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Section 23A and Super 23A can create additional complications for lenders in the fund finance market. Intended to protect the stability of financial institutions by restricting transactions with affiliates, Section 23A and...more

Mayer Brown

Subscription Finance: Fraud as an Exclusion Event

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - In the evolving landscape of the subscription credit facility market, the introduction of fraud allegations by an investor against a fund as a new exclusion event marks a pivotal shift....more

Goodwin

Subscription-Secured Credit Facilities: Recent Developments in the US Market and Considerations for Real Estate Funds

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Fund-level subscription-secured revolving lines of credit are a well-established instrument in the toolkits of a variety of private equity fund sponsors and managers, including for venture capital funds, hedge funds, debt...more

Mayer Brown

HNW Feeder Funds: Considerations in Connection with a Subscription Credit Facility

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High net worth feeder funds (“HNW Feeder Funds”) have emerged as a strategic resource for private equity funds seeking additional sources of capital. The HNW Feeder Fund structure often involves a partnership between private...more

Mayer Brown

Subscription Credit Facilities: Considerations for Addressing Recallable Capital

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Recallable capital has become an increasingly common concept in subscription credit facilities. In this Legal Update, we explain the concept of recallable capital and its role in subscription credit facilities, as well as...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Miami Bound: See You There February 2024 - Financing Management Fees

The primary purpose of a capital call facility is to provide bridge financing to a fund borrower that may be drawn upon, in lieu of calling capital, to make investments in accordance with the fund’s business purpose. In...more

Goodwin

Fund Finance: 2023 Reflections and Looking Ahead to 2024

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Goodwin is proud to be a platinum sponsor of the 2024 Global Fund Finance Symposium. As next week’s conference approaches and our clients, colleagues, and friends head toward Miami, the Goodwin Fund Finance team has paused to...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Welcome to 2024: CWT’s European Fund Finance Market Insights - 2024 European Fund Finance Market Predictions

The year 2023 presented the fund finance industry with many challenges that it rose to face with an inventiveness and rigour that showed just how mature and multi-faceted the market has become. At Cadwalader in London we saw...more

Latham & Watkins LLP

Hybrid Facilities: The Promise, the Reality and the Hope

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Have hybrid facilities evolved from a niche product into a full-fledged market? This article considers the features of subscription facilities, NAV facilities and hybrid facilities and explores why hybrid facilities have...more

Goodwin

Opening the Fund Finance Toolkit

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Recent years have seen significant growth and innovation in the fund finance industry — and, with an increase in the number and complexity of products in the market, it has become commonplace for industry publications and...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Challenge! The Lender’s Say on the V in NAV August 2023 - Valuation Challenge in NAV Facilities

In this article we look at the lender's right to challenge a sponsor’s valuation of their investments in the context of a NAV-backed financing. This right to challenge is a relatively recent development in these transactions,...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

Challenge! The Lender’s Say on the V in NAV August 2023 - The Forgotten LPA Amendment

A fund is a living, breathing organism that aims to achieve much more than being a vessel for a subscription credit facility. The limited partnership agreement (“LPA”) of the fund may have to be amended, restated,...more

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP

FFForEver August 2023 - LPAs 101 – Back to Basics

As we enter back-to-school season and look forward to FFA U this fall, we thought a back-to-basics primer on the limited partnership agreement (the “LPA”), which is the legal and credit cornerstone of our product, would be...more

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