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Equal Protection › Title IX › Sex Discrimination

The Equal Protection Clause is a section of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that "no state shall...deny to any citizen within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the... more +
The Equal Protection Clause is a section of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that "no state shall...deny to any citizen within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." Essentially, the Equal Protection Clause provides that the government must treat an individual the same way that it treats other individuals in the same circumstances. The 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause applies only to state governments, but the requirements of the clause apply to the federal government through the Due Process Clause of the 5th Amendment. less -
Husch Blackwell LLP

DOJ Issues Sweeping Memorandum on Unlawful Discrimination

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On July 29, 2025, the U.S. attorney general released a new memorandum providing guidance on the application of federal antidiscrimination laws for recipients of federal funding—including private and public colleges and...more

Fisher Phillips

SCOTUS to Determine Whether States Can Ban Transgender Athletes From Women’s Sports – What Your School Needs to Know

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The Supreme Court will soon decide whether states can ban transgender high school and college athletes from participating on female sports teams at their schools. After initially declining to review this issue in 2023 and...more

Montgomery McCracken

Supreme Court to Decide Legality of Trans-Athlete Bans

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As the Supreme Court Prepares to Decide the Legality of Trans-Athlete Bans, Schools Must Ready Themselves for Far-Reaching Precedent Addressing “On the Basis of Sex” On July 3, 2025, the Supreme Court granted certiorari in...more

Jackson Lewis P.C.

Navigating the Title IX NIL Landscape Post-DOE Rescission of Biden Guidance

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The U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) has rescinded the name, image, and likeness (NIL) guidance under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 issued in the final days of the Biden...more

Quarles & Brady LLP

Back to the Future: What a Recent Vacatur, Executive Order, and Dear Colleague Letter Mean for Title IX Compliance

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Within the last month, three developments have rocked the Title IX world: the Eastern District of Kentucky’s decision in State of Tennessee v. Cardona, President Trump’s Executive Order restricting the federal definition of...more

Ballard Spahr LLP

Department of Education Confirms Return to Trump Administration’s 2020 Title IX Rule

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On January 31, the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) confirmed that, effective immediately and applicable to all open Title IX investigations, it will enforce the first Trump administration’s 2020 Title IX regulations (the...more

Franczek P.C.

President Trump Signs Executive Order Requiring Sex-Based Classifications

Franczek P.C. on

On January 20, 2025, one of President Trump’s first actions as the president of the United States was signing an Executive Order proclaiming that the U.S. government only recognizes two sexes: male and female. The order goes...more

BCLP

State of Tennessee v. Cardona: Implications of the Vacatur of the 2024 Title IX Regulations

BCLP on

On April 19, 2024, the Department of Education released its final Title IX regulations regarding sexual discrimination in federally-funded education (the “2024 Title IX Rules”)....more

Williams Mullen

Title IX Risk and Legal

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Title IX, enacted as part of the Education Amendments of 1972, is a federal civil rights law that prohibits sex-based discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. Its primary...more

Franczek P.C.

2024 Title IX Final Rule and Regulations Vacated by Federal Judge

Franczek P.C. on

On Thursday, January 9, 2025, Judge John C. Reeves of the Eastern District of Kentucky issued an opinion and order vacating the Final Rule that implemented the 2024 Title IX Regulations. The decision by Judge Reeves has the...more

Benesch

Biden’s 2024 Title IX Regulations Take a Blow - Federal District Court Rejects Re-Definition of “Sex” Under Title IX

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On January 9, 2025, a federal district court in Kentucky issued a decision that blocks the Biden administration’s attempt to change the definition of “sex” in Title IX regulations and enforcement....more

Bricker Graydon LLP

2024 Title IX Regulations Vacated by Federal Court

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On January 9, 2025, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky issued a ruling in which it vacated the 2024 Title IX regulations that went into effect in many states on August 1, 2024....more

Snell & Wilmer

District Court Vacates Department of Education’s Final Rule Related to Title IX Protections and Gender Identity

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On January 9, 2025, a Kentucky District Court vacated the Department of Education’s (the “Department”) 2024 Title IX final rule (the “Final Rule”) in State of Tennessee v. Cardona, on the basis that the Final Rule is contrary...more

McGuireWoods LLP

Department of Education Withdraws Proposed Rule Governing Participation on Athletic Teams Based on Gender Identity

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On Dec. 26, 2024, the U.S. Department of Education withdrew its proposed rulemaking regarding the application of sex-related criteria to participation on athletic teams under Title IX....more

Kohrman Jackson & Krantz LLP

Title IX Protections for LGBTQ+ Students: Legal and Mental Health Benefits

Kohrman Jackson & Krantz LLP on

Title IX is a powerful federal law that protects students from sex-based discrimination and sexual harassment. If a school does not promptly investigate reports of sex discrimination or harassment, it can lose federal...more

Fisher Phillips

Recent Ruling on School’s Transgender Bathroom Policy Leads to Divide Among Federal Appeals Courts: Will SCOTUS Weigh In?

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A Florida public school’s transgender bathroom ban was recently upheld by a federal appeals court, leading to a circuit split that may need to be resolved by the U.S. Supreme Court. Specifically, in a 7-4 ruling, the 11th...more

Bowditch & Dewey

The 11th Circuit Flushes Away Rights to Bathroom Access in Schools

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A federal appeals court in Florida recently weighed in on the national debate about bathrooms and gender identity, teeing up the issue for review by the U.S. Supreme Court. In a decision issued in December 2022, the 11th...more

Tucker Arensberg, P.C.

Legal Issues Involving Transgender Students

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In recent years, the legal rights of transgender students have been litigated in courts around the country. While court decisions have provided some guidance for school districts, many questions remain. This article addresses...more

Holland & Knight LLP

Religious Institutions Update: October 2021

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Morals Clause Ruled Not Within Title VII Religious Exemptions Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it unlawful "to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or otherwise to discriminate against any...more

Bricker Graydon LLP

Title IX religious exemption is being challenged by class action lawsuit

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Title IX has long had an exemption for religious institutions, which was put in place to protect religious rights under the First Amendment. That exemption is now coming under fire. In Hunter v. U.S. Department of Education,...more

TNG Consulting

Eleventh Circuit Extends Bostock to Protect Transgender Students under Title IX

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Adams v. Sch. Bd. of St. Johns Cty., 968 F.3d 1286 (11th Cir. 2020). Factual Summary: Drew Adams is a transgender male who was prohibited from using the boys’ restroom at his public high school. In the eighth grade,...more

McAfee & Taft

Court applies Bostock’s “because of… sex” ruling to Title IX case

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This past June, the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Bostock v. Clayton County expanded the protections of Title VII, which prohibits an employer from discriminating against an employee or applicant “because of … sex,” to...more

Fisher Phillips

Federal Appeals Court Rules In Favor Of Transgender Teen In Landmark Bathroom Case

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In a major win for transgender rights, the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals recently ruled in favor a transgender teenager who wanted to use the boys’ bathroom at his former school, finding that the school district violated his...more

Constangy, Brooks, Smith & Prophete, LLP

Happy 45th Birthday, Title IX: You’ve Changed A Bit Over The Years

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A law was born. On June 23, 1972, President Richard Nixon signed into law Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972: “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be...more

FordHarrison

During Last Week of School Seventh Circuit Rules in Favor of Transgender Teen On Restroom Use

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On May 30, 2017, on the heels of the Seventh Circuit’s ground-breaking en banc decision in Hively v. Ivy Tech. College holding that sexual orientation is a protected trait under Title VII, a unanimous three-judge panel of...more

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