Key takeaways - The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the 1994 Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of UNCLOS (Implementation Agreement) established a general framework for Deep Sea...more
As global demand for critical minerals intensifies — driven by the energy transition, technological innovation, and geopolitical competition — deep-sea mining has emerged as a potential frontier in resource development. At...more
In late 2023, the United States underwent a massive expansion in territory. Its boundaries grew by approximately one million square kilometres – an area about twice the size of California – all without a shot being fired.Hi ...more
As offshore assets age, oil and gas companies face a wave of decommissioning obligations, with expenditures estimated to exceed US$200 billion in coming decades. Decommissioning is not simply demolition. It requires plugging...more