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Wage and Hour › Private Attorneys General Act (PAGA) › Statutory Interpretation

Weintraub Tobin

The Term “Exempt Employees” Under the HWHFA Applies to More than “White Collar” Exemptions When Calculating Paid Sick Time

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In Hirdman v. Charter Communication (8/4/25) 113 Cal.App.5th 376, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals was faced with the sole issue of determining the meaning of the phrase “exempt employees” as used in California Labor Code...more

Jackson Lewis P.C.

California Court of Appeal Clarifies Sick Leave Calculation for Outside Sales Employees

Jackson Lewis P.C. on

A recent California Court of Appeal decision provides clarity for employers with commissioned outside sales employees. In Hirdman v. Charter Communications, the court confirmed that employers may calculate paid sick leave for...more

Ervin Cohen & Jessup LLP

California Appellate Courts Split on “Headless” PAGA Standing: CRST Expedited Permits Broad Claims, While Leeper Awaits Review

Ervin Cohen & Jessup LLP on

A recent decision from California’s Fifth District Court of Appeal has deepened the divide among state courts on a critical issue under the Private Attorneys General Act (PAGA): whether a plaintiff may pursue representative...more

Proskauer - California Employment Law

“Headless” PAGA Action May Proceed In Court

Proskauer - California Employment Law on

CRST Expedited, Inc. v. Superior Court, 2025 WL 1874891 (Cal. Ct. App. 2025) - Espiridion Sanchez filed this PAGA action against his former employer on behalf of himself and other allegedly “aggrieved employees.”...more

CDF Labor Law LLP

CA’s Fifth Appellate District Wades Into “Headless” PAGA Debate

CDF Labor Law LLP on

While we are waiting for the CA Supreme Court in Leeper v. Shipt to address whether “headless” PAGA claims (i.e., where PAGA representative plaintiffs disavow the “individual” portion of a PAGA claim) are a permissible end...more

Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP

Court of Appeals Clarifies What Types of Allegations May Be Cured Under Section 2699.3

Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP on

On October 7, 2021, the California Court of Appeal (4th District) issued its decision in Quinonez v. Payless 4 Plumbing, Inc., Case No. E074467, clarifying what allegations in a notice letter to the Labor and Workforce...more

CDF Labor Law LLP

9th Circuit Confirms Limited Application of Heightened Penalties for “Subsequent” Labor Code Violations

CDF Labor Law LLP on

On February 23, 2021, a unanimous Ninth Circuit panel held in the decision of Bernstein v. Virgin America Inc. (Case No. 19-15382) that employers are not subject to heightened penalties for subsequent violations under the...more

Littler

California Supreme Court Rules that the “Underpaid Wages” Component of Labor Code Section 558 is Not a Civil Penalty under PAGA

Littler on

In ZB, N.A. v. Superior Court of San Diego County (Lawson), the California Supreme Court held that unpaid wages are not civil penalties under California Labor Code section 558 and are therefore outside the reach of...more

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